Heart rate, target (THR) - see Target Heart Rate.

Ballistic stretching - see Stretching, ballistic

Kickboard - small foam board used in swimming to develop leg power and speed. Held under the chest so that the arms are not involved in the swimming stroke

Kinesiology - the study of the principles of mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement

Coronary heart disease - heart disease associated with obstruction of the coronary blood vessels that supply blood (& oxygen) to the heart

Carbohydrate - a group of organic compounds, including sugars, starches and fiber, that is a major source of energy for animals

Amino acid score - a measure of the actual amounts of individual amino acids in a food, or in the diet relative to the need for the amino acid. Does not evaluate whether the protein is digestible

Aerobic exercise - "exercise with oxygen" is exercise done at a rate that allows the oxygen that you breath to produce the energy needed. Aerobic exercise is the preferred way to burn calories and strengthen your heart and lungs

Anaerobic - literally, "without oxygen." The heart and lungs can't get enough oxygen to the muscles and energy is produced without oxygen. Exercise intense enough to "outrun" the oxygen supply creates lactic acid which builds up in the muscles and causes soreness and fatigue. Sprinting is anaerobic and after its done, one must stop until the oxygen supply has caught up again. Aerobic exercise will make this "recovery period" shorter

Bariatrics - a branch of medicine dealing with the causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity, both pharmacological and surgical

Cool-down - slowing down at the end of a workout to allow your body temperature and heart rate to decrease gradually

Counseling - the professional guidance of an individual in a specific area. A Lifestyle or Behavioral counselor can help you identify the cues and situations that promote healthier habits

Emotional Eating - eating when you are feeling stressed and, usually, not being aware as you eat.

Enrichment - the addition of a nutrient to a processed food to replace losses of the nutrient that occurred during processing or to enhance its nutritive composition. Most commonly used for cereals and pastas

Hamstrings - the group of 3 muscles on the back of the thigh that runs from the lower part of the pelvis to just below the knees. They allow you to bend your knees and, along with the "glutes" straighten your legs at the hips

High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) - lipoprotein particles that transport cholesterol to the liver. Sometimes called "good cholesterol"

Hyperglycemia - an elevated (above normal) blood sugar (glucose)

Proteins - a group of complex organic macromolecules that are made up of amino acids. Since amino acids provide the basic building blocks of all living cells, protein is essential in the diet

Weight-bearing exercise - exercise in which you support your weight or lift weight. Lifting weights or doing weight- bearing exercise (such as running, skiing or walking) can help slow down the rate of bone loss and osteoporosis, and therefore reduce fractures